Hydraulic ram.



pa. NELSON. HYDRAULIC RAM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 19.161

Patented Dee. H, 191?.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 L. G. NILSON. HYDRAULIC RAM.

APPLICATION FILED sum 20. 1916.

Patented 10%. 11, 1917.

Svwewfoz liars Gusiaf' Wilson '93 GHQ/M101? 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

tion.

aAnseUs'rAr ivinsolv, or noeoimmilvnw master. a

meats-me RAM Malta To all whom it may concern: i Be it known that I, LABS GUsTAr NILsoN,

a citizen of the United States, and resident of Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and'useful Improvements in Hydraulic Rams, of which the following is a specificafl This invention relates toimprovements in hydraulic devices, and it appertains -more especially to the structural means for increasing the efiiciency and in general. y

One of the objects of the invention is to produce an improved device ofthe nature set forth wherein the flow of the water is diverted to the least possible extent so as to reduce the frictional resistanceto "a minicreasedflow and pressure.

mum.

A further object is the production of a device of the character described including an outlet valve inclined in the direction of the flow of thewater, so arranged that the greatest opening thereof will be presented toward the inlet or drive pipe, thereby securing a free escape for the water-that goes to waste.

Another'object is to provide a device of the species mentioned with an" easy and direct path fort-hewater to the pressure chamber, so constructed that the speed of the water is accelerated to the a'dvantageof in- IStillanotherob ect is the provision of a device ofthe typepspecified having a resilij ent, support for the outlet valve positively clamped in position,wh'ich will not shake loose from any vibrations towhichit'may be subjected. 5 j 1 A still further object is'toialfordanappa ratus of the kin'dreferred to, whichfshall.

have an outlet valve positively loadedby direct; application of fixed weights, the amount whereof, is determined oncefor all when the device'isadjusted for operation, thereby lessening theliabllity ofa shiftable load shaking loose or being tampered "with by unauthorized or inexperienced persons.

An additional object is to combine theoutletQ valve with a yielding abutment'serving as means 'for limiting the opening thereof. y r general object is the design of a ram; composed of few movable parts whichshal-l- Specification of Letters Patent.

durability of rams Patented Dee. illhdltlt'ti Applieationfiled June20, 1916. Serial No. 104,716.

be simple and strong, as well as convenient to assemble and replace, and amenable to low cost of manufacture. a

Other objectsand advantages will become apparent as'the specification proceeds.

With theeforesaid objects in View, the invention consists of the improvements,

novel construction, arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafter described, de-

fined in the subjoined claims, and illustrated,

in their preferred embodiments by the anneXed drawlngs, whereln like elements are designatedby thesame reference characters 1 throughout. a

In the said drawings Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of aramembodying the inventionunder consideration Fig. isa fragmentary view similar to,"

elementsthe preceding with some of,the shown in a ch'anged'position;

"Fig. 3 is a section of the devicetaken irregularly on the line 33 ofFig. 1, looking in thedirection of the arrows; and a Fig. 4:,1S a fragmentary top plan view of an outlet valve for controlling the escape or duct conveys the water past a delivery valve 16, into a pressurechamber 17, whence itis conducted out by means of a delivery plpe 18, Air is admitted into the upper end of the'duct 15 through a valve'controlled aperture 19. One of the supporting feet for the rain is shown at 20. The operation of the 91 parts above enumerated as belonging tothe ram issowell known as not to require any lengthy description herein. Suffice it there fore to saythat when the water entering the rain from the inlet pipe has acquired enough impetus iteloses the outlet or mainvalve 13 With thewater thus suddenly shut-olfythe momentum of the moving column thereof strikes the portion of the water already' in the duct 15 beyond the outlet valve, and qof the water in the forward part of the duct 15, permitting the said outlet valve to drop on account of its 1 weight. One cycle thus follows another automatically and ceaselessly. The proportion of the water pumped I to that which overflows depends upon the differenceof the supply and delivery heads;

Although the annexeddrawin gs and de: scription refer specifically ,toa ,single acting ram; no limitation inthat-sense; is in tended,- as both double acting and compound rams incorporating the improvements of-vthe present invention are contemplated as well,

Itwill" be noticed from Figs l and 2 that? the mainvalve13eoacts with an outlet 0 en ing 21 which islocated adjacent totheinlet fromthe drive or supply pipe, in such a position that it is inclined toward the direction of the flow of the water. The-latter is thereby diverted in the least possible extent from, its natural path, and not forced to make a vright angled turn as; ordinarily is the case in the prevalent types-of rams To attainstillfurther freedom ofescape forthe, waste-water, the main or outlet valve 13 is arranged to presentits greatest open v inggtoward the drive pipe-which again is different from' the common practice. Withthis purpose in view a lever 22 is pivoted 'beyondthe opening 21 at the far side thereof with respect to the inlet end'of the ram," --To this-lever is fixed a supporting stem 23 I for the valve. Preferably the said stem consists of resilient material, and one en'd thereof issecurely entered into-the body of;- the valve, vas by screwing, after which it is -vriveted over the underside of the latter.

The lower portion 24 of the stemisrelatively: rigid, 'while its middle-portion 25; is

flattened to a comparatively thin webto increase its flexibility. qThe said middle portion is also'bent U-shape, in offset formastion torone side, rear-wardly as shown, which still furtherf enhances its capability offlex-i ure The particular advantage of a flexibly or resiliently mounted valve which isistill p'ositively maintained in position, is that,'shouldforeign substances of any kind such as sliversvor pebbles, carried-along with the water from the drive pipe, happen accidentally to become'lodged between the valve andits seat, lthe flexible stemiwill allow l-ofa-cer-c tain -V amount of 'distortion,' without undue-. strain, and-as soon as the--obstructionis? washed away,-the valve will again seatitself caved surfaces held frictionally together, which may shift and prevent the valve from seating properly.

The upper portion of the stem is mamtained fiat and constitutes an attachment to the underside ofthedever 22. As shown, bolts 27, 28 serve to clamp the last named elements one to the other. These bolts pass throu "h clearance holes 29, 30, provided there min the lever 22. By virtue of this construction, a ready and secure means is had for alining and holding the valve against its seat 30 with relation to the opening. 21 therein, when the different parts of the ram are. asse1nbled.-- In the-accompany ingdrawings one of the 4 bolts is i shown extended up; to -provide-an anchorage for weights 31,-whichanay be in the nature of ordinary metal-lie'washers, impaled upon the bolt 28 for instance. Lock washers of the split spring type may be c interposed-between the nuts of the bolts 27,-, A28, and, the wei ghts to. keep the "formers fronrworki-ng loose owing to thesuccessive impactstransmitted to them through the stem from the valve -13. Theobj-ect of-having replaceable .washers which oanbe applied directly over the valve,- or removedtherefrom, is to' adjust thefrequenoy ;.of the beats or )ulsations :of the latter. B y reason of thev fact, that different 1 heads and quantities of water are GDCOllllm tered in practice when installing :rains, it becomes necessary at certainztimes to: add weight to the valve'to make'itwork slower, while by removing the washersthe:valve is 100 caused to operate; quicker, which, for other occasions,-- may be more desirable, An ad justnient ofthi s character should be made only once, when the ram is put up andadw justedg Experience-has shownr thatwit .is 105 better to have a fixed,regulation-thanhone-1 susceptiblezof bein altered as may: be done; with a slidable we] ght," the. latter being 5 tooeasilytampered Withbyunauthorized or in-M boltsr 38;39-,reeeived in/ears 40,41 respectively, whichears project inamearward die I reetion ,--froni a bonnet :or housingplate .42.? 12 0 The latter .is. recessed to receive .atbocly or filler?43,,of rubber or, other suitablemateria1 v which serves as a. tightening gasket between thebonnet plateand-thefupper faceof: a rim 4:4 surrounding the. outside of the valve housinggl .ontop, aswell: as. for a seat against which-the -valve13 strikes in its upward po- I sitionto shut-off the communication ;throu h, then-opening ,21 therein. To securely ho d the bonnet or housing plate position,

nd ti huyyfcrce the gasket 43 againstthe rim 4:4,two pairsof bolts 45, ldmay be employed. The latter pair whichis located at the upper and forward corners of the plate of the flattened valve stem 23 when the valve 13 attached to theother end thereof drops into its lowermost position. Both the endt8 and the bridge 47may be made resilient to cushion and lessen the force of the blows. Adjustment of the bridge 47 in height relatively to the valves seat 30, determines the amount that the valve is permitted to drop,it being understood that a heavily weighted valve generally requires a longer stroke or movement,and the reverse fora light valve. The adjustment for the bridge strip 47 may conveniently be effected in a similar manner to the loading of the valve, namely, through the instrumentality of interposed washers 49. The accompanying drawings show that thesewashers can be placed above the bridge, as fillings under the nuts of the bolts 46. When adjustment is desired the positions of these'washers are simply interchanged, the washers being placed either aboveor below the bridge strip, as the case may be, to elevate or depress the same, forthe purposes" already described.

It will be notedthat the walls which encompass the iriletll, thevalve housing '14,

and the duct 15 have all been givencurves of smooth and gradual sweep so as to reduce to a minimum the frictional resistance against the water flowing therethrough.

Furthermoreit willbe; observed thatj'near the rearward terminal the duct 15, is constricted for a certain distance as at 60. This is to obtain the elfect of a Venturi tube, ac cording to which, the speed and the pressure of the fluid at the contracted area is increased, so that the same amount will pass the given point in the same period of time as in other portions of the conduit. The prin ciple mentioned is especially advantageous in the present instance, in that it accelerates the speed of the water entering the pressure chamber 17, through ports 61 in a valve plate 62, underlying thedelivery valve 16. The water, in order to reach the said ports 61, first encounters a conical depending deflector 63, which evenly distributes the same between the aforementioned ports,lof which there may be two or more according to size and design of the ram.

While a certain preferred embodiment of this device has been shown and described, it

will be understood that changes inthe form,

arrangements, sizes, proportions and details thereof may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Having described my invention whatTE. desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim 1s:-

A hydraulic ram including, in combination,apressure chamber, a valved conduit discharging thereinto, an inlet leadingto said conduit, and a waste Watervalve pivo ted intermediate said inlet and conduit in such amanner that its widest opening is inclined toward the inlet. v I 2. A' hydraulic ram includingpincombi nation, a chamber having a self-closing ad mission, a passage arranged to deliver a stream of water through the latter, a discharge for the-overflow water inclined toward the entranceto said passage in advance of saidchamber, and a valve for said di'sohargepivoted betweenit and said ad clined toward the entrancethereto, and a valve adapted to control said passage piv oted on the farside thereof'in proximity to,

said entrance end of the channel.

, 43. A hydraulic ram 'ncludmg, 1ncombination, a pressure chamber, a conduit arranged to discharge a stream of water there "into, an overflow passage in one side of said conduit inclined toward the inlet thereof, a valve controlling said passage, and means for pivotally supporting" said valve) intermediately of the *dischargeend of the conduit and the side of the overflowpassage remotejfrem said'inlet "so as to enable the valve to present its widest'opening to the latter. 7

5. A hydraulic ram including, in combination, a pressure chamber, a conduit delivering water thereto, a discharge passage for waste water lateral to" said conduit, a valve for said discharge, and a lever to which said valve is attached pivotally straddling the conduit intermediate the discharge and the pressure chamber. a

6. A hydraulic ram including, in combination, a pressure chamber, a conduit conveying water thereinto, an outlet passage for waste water at one side of said conduit, a

valve for said outlet, an apertured cover overlying the latter and having ears straddling the conduit on the far side with relation to the entrance thereto, and a bifurcated lever for said valve having pivotal connections with said ears.

7. A hydraulic ram including, in combination, a water channel, an inlet thereto, a discharge passage for overflow water lateral to said channel, a pressure chamber beyond said discharge, and a duct intermediate of the channel and chamber constructed in combi nation, an an and "fluid chamber, avalved channel leadinginto the same,a waste water passage lateralto said channel and in .25 trol gsaid putlet, a pivotal leverfor said and arranged onthe prineiple of a -Venturi tube, -,ope1 ating- 1 to accelerate the flow into the latter.

8.1A hydraulic, ram including; in combilittiOn, a Water conduit, a discharge passage for wasteiwater adjoi-ningthe entrance to adapted, to a control said passage, and v a piv -w otally connected resilient supportfor said i valve";

10. A hydraulic ram including, incombination, a pressured-chamber, :a duct communicating therewith, an outlet. for astewaten-from, said duct,avalvejpositioned to con-v valve, and a resilient connection between theelatter and said lever..

11'. 1 VA 1 hydraulic ram including, in combination, a pressurehchamber, a. duct cone veying gwater to the same, angoverfiow passage for said "ductga. valve controlling said passage, lever forsaid valve, a housing for.

thenyalves seatvto Which said ZIGVGI lS pivoted, {members extending up fromsaid house ang oipposite to thepoint of attachment of the lever, and a resilient element adjustable on r -said niembers transversely to the path gmi i efath in sn m y. be. iobtainedffonfiv cents a h, by add si g the oi movement ofithe lever-Y.disposed.trans versely ,ac r oss thepath of said connection, and means ,for' adjusting said member to predetermineithe travel of the valve,

7 12-; A hydraulic ram including, in combination a pressure chamber, a channel lead-v ing water thereinto, an outlet for Waste W37 ter from; said channeh a valve controlling said outlet having a projecting stem, a pivotal lever to which said stem is attached, a bridge arrangedacrossthe path of oscillation ofsaid lever, supporting means for said bridge, and spacers capable of being transposed for ;the adjustment of the bridge on said supporting means.

13; A hydraulic ram including, in combination, a pressure chamber, a duct conveying Water thereto,a flanged overflow passage for Waste Water from said duct, an apertured plate overlying said passage and havinga recess in itsfunderside, a gasket provided with an opening registering. With the aperture in said plate, the outer portion of the gasket constituting a tightening medium between the flange of the overflow pas sage and the plate, being lodged in thev recess thereof, and a valve controlling the opening in the gasket, the-inner portionof the latter aroimd the opening therein Tservs ing as a seat for said valve.

Signed, at thezborough of Manhattan in the county of New York and Stateof New,

York this 17th day of June A. D. 1916.

LARS GUSTAFY'NILSON,

Witnesses: r

H. C. KARLSON,

w shin an.

Commissioner of Patents, 

